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The Great Depression had little or no impact on the Barbasol brand. As a show of patriotism, the company also sold large tubes of shaving cream in PX stores for no profit.
The introduction of aerosol cans in the s prompted a change in the Barbasol formula from a thick cream into a soft, fluffy foam similar to what is currently seen on shelves. Two major ingredients in this formula are common in many of today's preparations. Stearic acid is one of the main ingredients in soap making, and triethanolamine is a surfactant, or surface-acting agent, which does the job of soap, albeit much better. While one end of a surfactant molecule attracts dirt and grease, the other end attracts water.
Lanolin and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate are both emulsifiers which hold water to the skin, while glycerin, a solvent and an emollient, renders skin softer and more supple. Common substitutes for the third, fourth, and fifth ingredients listed above include laureth 23 and lauryl sulfate both sudsing and foaming agents , waxes, cocamides which cleanse and aid foaming , and lanolin derivatives emulsifiers.
Most ingredients are powdered or flaked, although lanolin, lanolin derivatives, and cocamides are liquids. The differences between one brand of shaving cream and another amount to adjustments in the proportions of ingredients and in the processing method longer or shorter heating times, storage of the finished product, and so on , and choice of ingredients such as emulsifiers or perfumes.
Also important is the choice of aerosol propellant. Some mixtures contain more than one propellant; most common are butane, isobutane, and propane. Though the wide range of choices for ingredients is well known, the exact combinations of ingredients represent the highest level of "magic" in modern chemistry.
The modern manufacture of shaving cream is a carefully controlled process. Although carried out on a large scale, its manufacture resembles a laboratory procedure involving only small quantities of ingredients. There are two main phases to the manufacturing process. Today's soaps, shaving creams, and lotions are all manufactured under strict quality control, and regulated by various federal agencies including the Food and Drug Administration FDA.
Some states have their own regulatory agencies, though state agencies are more likely to focus on environmental concerns than product safety. Batches of shaving cream are examined and analyzed both at the manufacturing site and in the laboratory.
Individual containers of shaving preparations are coded so that a manufacturer knows exactly which batch any given can or tube came from, and can identify its distribution history. A manufacturer of shaving cream needs to be certain that each batch meets quality standards. Among the things tested for are pH value the acidity or alkalinity of the product , the height of the foam when sprayed, and its absorption rate spray the foam on a piece of paper—how long does it take till the bottom of the paper shows moisture?
Water quality must also be checked carefully. Most manufacturers make sure the water they use is pure by exposing the water to ultraviolet light or using distilled water. Modern day shaving cream is most often bought in cylindrical cans, that are pressurised, and have a spray function and nozzle. Shaving cream that expands against a change of pressure was invented in by the American healthcare company Carter-Wallace, and quickly became very popular, although gases emitted from the pressurised cans were later considered environmentally unfriendly, so the propellants were eventually changed.
Shaving cream is generally made of water, oils, soap and other agents used primarily for hygiene. Shaving cream is usually white in colour and has a texture of cream or foam, and it can also be a gel-like substance.
Shaving cream products need to be tested before being being released to customers, for the size of the foam once emitted, rate of absorption, water purity, and pH levels, and the standards are set by agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration FDA.
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